diff --git a/datafusion/catalog-listing/src/table.rs b/datafusion/catalog-listing/src/table.rs
index dd3675bd2b39d..92490f7470355 100644
--- a/datafusion/catalog-listing/src/table.rs
+++ b/datafusion/catalog-listing/src/table.rs
@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ use datafusion_datasource::{
 };
 use datafusion_execution::cache::TableScopedPath;
 use datafusion_execution::cache::cache_manager::FileStatisticsCache;
+use datafusion_execution::cache::file_statistics_cache::DefaultFileStatisticsCache;
 use datafusion_expr::dml::InsertOp;
 use datafusion_expr::execution_props::ExecutionProps;
 use datafusion_expr::{Expr, TableProviderFilterPushDown, TableType};
@@ -187,6 +188,12 @@ pub struct ListingTable {
     definition: Option<String>,
     /// Cache for collected file statistics
     collected_statistics: Option<Arc<dyn FileStatisticsCache>>,
+    /// Cache scoped to this [`ListingTable`].
+    ///
+    /// Anonymous tables do not have a stable table id in the shared cache key
+    /// and may read the same path with different explicit schemas. Use this
+    /// cache for those tables rather than populating the shared session cache.
+    local_statistics_cache: Arc<dyn FileStatisticsCache>,
     /// Constraints applied to this table
     constraints: Constraints,
     /// Column default expressions for columns that are not physically present in the data files
@@ -231,6 +238,7 @@ impl ListingTable {
             options,
             definition: None,
             collected_statistics: None,
+            local_statistics_cache: Arc::new(DefaultFileStatisticsCache::default()),
             constraints: Constraints::default(),
             column_defaults: HashMap::new(),
             expr_adapter_factory: config.expr_adapter_factory,
@@ -260,10 +268,26 @@ impl ListingTable {
     /// multiple times in the same session.
     ///
     pub fn with_cache(mut self, cache: Option<Arc<dyn FileStatisticsCache>>) -> Self {
+        if let Some(cache) = &cache {
+            self.local_statistics_cache
+                .update_cache_limit(cache.cache_limit());
+        }
         self.collected_statistics = cache;
         self
     }
 
+    fn statistics_cache(
+        &self,
+        has_table_reference: bool,
+    ) -> Option<&Arc<dyn FileStatisticsCache>> {
+        let shared_cache = self.collected_statistics.as_ref()?;
+        if has_table_reference {
+            Some(shared_cache)
+        } else {
+            Some(&self.local_statistics_cache)
+        }
+    }
+
     /// Specify the SQL definition for this table, if any
     pub fn with_definition(mut self, definition: Option<String>) -> Self {
         self.definition = definition;
@@ -807,7 +831,7 @@ impl ListingTable {
         let meta = &part_file.object_meta;
 
         // Check cache first - if we have valid cached statistics and ordering
-        if let Some(cache) = &self.collected_statistics
+        if let Some(cache) = self.statistics_cache(path.table.is_some())
             && let Some(cached) = cache.get(&path)
             && cached.is_valid_for(meta)
         {
@@ -825,7 +849,7 @@ impl ListingTable {
         let statistics = Arc::new(file_meta.statistics);
 
         // Store in cache
-        if let Some(cache) = &self.collected_statistics {
+        if let Some(cache) = self.statistics_cache(path.table.is_some()) {
             cache.put(
                 &path,
                 CachedFileMetadata::new(
diff --git a/datafusion/core/tests/parquet/file_statistics.rs b/datafusion/core/tests/parquet/file_statistics.rs
index 3e3b90a348b04..8735ae161f5f1 100644
--- a/datafusion/core/tests/parquet/file_statistics.rs
+++ b/datafusion/core/tests/parquet/file_statistics.rs
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 use std::fs;
 use std::sync::Arc;
 
+use arrow::datatypes::{DataType, Field, Schema};
 use datafusion::datasource::TableProvider;
 use datafusion::datasource::file_format::parquet::ParquetFormat;
 use datafusion::datasource::listing::{
@@ -26,9 +27,9 @@ use datafusion::datasource::listing::{
 use datafusion::datasource::source::DataSourceExec;
 use datafusion::execution::context::SessionState;
 use datafusion::execution::session_state::SessionStateBuilder;
-use datafusion::prelude::SessionContext;
-use datafusion_common::DFSchema;
+use datafusion::prelude::{ParquetReadOptions, SessionContext};
 use datafusion_common::stats::Precision;
+use datafusion_common::{DFSchema, TableReference};
 use datafusion_execution::cache::DefaultListFilesCache;
 use datafusion_execution::cache::cache_manager::{
     CacheManagerConfig, FileStatisticsCache,
@@ -105,7 +106,9 @@ async fn check_stats_precision_with_filter_pushdown() {
 async fn load_table_stats_with_session_level_cache() {
     let testdata = datafusion::test_util::parquet_test_data();
     let filename = format!("{}/{}", testdata, "alltypes_plain.parquet");
-    let table_path = ListingTableUrl::parse(filename).unwrap();
+    let table_path = ListingTableUrl::parse(filename)
+        .unwrap()
+        .with_table_ref(TableReference::bare("alltypes_plain"));
 
     let (cache1, _, state1) = get_cache_runtime_state();
 
@@ -166,6 +169,58 @@ async fn load_table_stats_with_session_level_cache() {
     assert_eq!(get_static_cache_size(&state1), 1);
 }
 
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn anonymous_parquet_stats_cache_with_explicit_wider_schema() {
+    let temp_dir = tempdir().unwrap();
+    let parquet_path = temp_dir.path().join("data.parquet");
+    let parquet_path = parquet_path.to_string_lossy().to_string();
+
+    let ctx = SessionContext::new_with_config(
+        SessionConfig::new().with_collect_statistics(true),
+    );
+
+    ctx.sql(&format!(
+        "COPY (
+            SELECT 1::BIGINT AS id, 1000::BIGINT AS population
+        ) TO '{parquet_path}' STORED AS PARQUET"
+    ))
+    .await
+    .unwrap()
+    .collect()
+    .await
+    .unwrap();
+
+    ctx.read_parquet(&parquet_path, ParquetReadOptions::default())
+        .await
+        .unwrap()
+        .collect()
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+
+    let wider_schema = Schema::new(vec![
+        Field::new("id", DataType::Int64, true),
+        Field::new("population", DataType::Int64, true),
+        Field::new("extra", DataType::Int64, true),
+    ]);
+
+    let plan = ctx
+        .read_parquet(
+            &parquet_path,
+            ParquetReadOptions::default().schema(&wider_schema),
+        )
+        .await
+        .unwrap()
+        .select_columns(&["id", "extra"])
+        .unwrap()
+        .create_physical_plan()
+        .await
+        .unwrap();
+
+    let stats = plan.partition_statistics(None).unwrap();
+    assert_eq!(stats.column_statistics.len(), 2);
+    assert_eq!(stats.column_statistics[1].null_count, Precision::Exact(1));
+}
+
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn list_files_with_session_level_cache() {
     let p_name = "alltypes_plain.parquet";